Coordinate Measuring Machines (CMMs) are mechanical systems designed to move a measuring probe to determine coordinates of points on a work piece surface. CMMs are comprised of four main components: the machine itself, the measuring probe, the control or computing system, and the measuring software. Machines are available in a wide range of sizes and designs with a variety of different probe technologies.
Dimensional gages and instruments provide quantitative measurements of a product's or component's attributes such as wall thickness, depth, height, length, I.D., O.D., taper or bore. Dimensional gages and instruments encompass:
Air or pneumatic gages
Bore and ID gages
Calipers
Digital or electronic gages
Custom or OEM gages
Depth gages
Masters, setting gages and other dimensional standards (Gage blocks, end measuring rods, gaging balls)
Gage head or probes
Gage sets or measuring tool kits
Gaging systems or stations
Go / no-go, attribute or functional gages (plugs, rings, snaps, flush-pins)
Height gages
Indicators and comparators
Laser micrometers
Mechanical micrometers
Micrometer heads
Thickness gages
Thread or serration gages
Specialty and other gages - designed specifically for gear, spring, runout, impeller, form or other special functions
Eddy current instruments are nondestructive devices that induce detectable eddy currents in conductive materials and analyze the response for flaw detection, thickness, weld inspection, conductivity, alloy sorting, heat treat verification and other applications.
Hardness is a characteristic of a material, not a fundamental physical property. It is defined as the resistance to indentation, and it is determined by measuring the permanent depth or projected area of the indentation. More simply put, when using a fixed force (load) and a given indenter, the smaller the indentation, the harder the material.
Instruments and test equipment required to preform magnetic particle inspection (MPI) such as demagnetizers, magnetometers, magnetizer power packs and coil or yoke magnetizers.
Materials or mechanical testing equipment includes adhesion or bond testers, compressive testers, creep and stress relaxation testers, drop or shock testers, ductility testers, fatigue testers, impact toughness testers, shear testers, tensile testers, and vibration testers.
Microscopes are instruments that are capable of producing a magnified image of a small object. They are used in many applications in the scientific and industrial arenas. Common applications include manufacturing inspection, high-technology quality control in areas such as semiconductor processing, medical imaging, cell research, and metallurgical analysis.
Styli, probes and cantilevers are slender rod-shaped stems & contact tips or points used to probe surfaces in conjunction with profilometers, SPMs, CMMs, gages and dimensional scanners.
Ultrasonic instruments (UT) are devices that use ultrasonic signals to inspect materials and components. UT inspection techniques can be used, for instance, to detect surface and subsurface flaws or to measure thickness. Beams of high frequency acoustic energy are introduced into the material and subsequently retrieved. Distance calculations are based on the speed of sound through the material being evaluated. The most widely used of all UT techniques is the pulse-echo technique. Flaws are detected and sizes estimated by comparing the amplitude of a reflected echo from an interface (flaw or back surface) with that of a reference interface of known size.
X-ray instruments and x-ray systems use penetrating X-rays or gamma radiation to capture images of the internal structure of a part or finished product. The density and composition of the internal features will alter the intensity or density of these features in the X-ray image. X-ray diffractometers or diffraction instruments are used to measure crystal structure, grain size, texture and/or residual stress of materials and compounds through interaction of the X-ray beam with a sample. The wavelengths of X-Rays are of the same order of magnitude as the distances between atoms or ions in a molecule or crystal (Å, 10-10 m). A crystal diffracts an X-Ray beam passing through it to produce beams at specific angles depending on the X-Ray wavelength, the crystal orientation, and the structure of the crystal.
Other unlisted, specialized or proprietary inspection instruments or test equipment.
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Bench repair refers to off-site equipment or instrument repair in the service supplier's shop. The test equipment or instruments need to be disconnected and transported to or picked up by the repair shop.
Calibration services for various test equipment and instruments including evaluating the output or accuracy compared to standards or established values.
Supplier has capabilities and resources for setting up an in-house contract lab for supplier - minimizing any downtime or lag in getting instruments quickly calibrated.
Supplier has personnel and/or equipment for on-site installation and start-up of new, repaired or replacement equipment or instruments. The supplier may also provide personnel training and test the acceptability of the equipment to the required specifications.
Preventative maintenance and services contracts refer to programs for performing proactive maintenance in order to prevent system problems. This is contrasted to troubleshooting, diagnostic or corrective maintenance, which is performed to correct an already existing problem.
Supplier has personnel and/or equipment for to completely overhaul or rebuild equipment or instruments, which may be an effective alternative for costly or specialized units.
Supplier has capabilities and resources for exchanging the damaged equipment or instrument with a new or used unit, which can minimize any downtime in the facility or eliminate the need to ship and outsource work.
Supplier expedites repairs by carrying an inventory of spare replacement parts or sub-systems in-house, eliminating the added time that ordering and shipping parts would require.
Troubleshooting refers to diagnostic or corrective maintenance, which is performed to correct an already-existing problem. This is contrasted to preventive maintenance, which refers to performing proactive maintenance in order to prevent system problems.
Service to upgrade or enhance the performance of an existing product through the addition of an entirely new component or replacement of a component with a improved or updated unit.
Other unlisted, specialty, or proprietary service.
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ISO 17025 addresses the proficiency of the organization to perform the testing and calibration activities. It is a standard geared towards technical qualification and deals heavily with measurement uncertainties. This is layered on top of an ISO 9000 certification, which is a standard, used for total company quality system.
The 17025 standard requires that all functions within the scope of a given instrument must be tested and calibrated. Example: A Digital Multimeter would require a lab to have a scope that contained ALL of the functions that the meter can measure (AC volts, DC volts, Freq., Resistance, AC current, DC current, etc.) Only service providers that list all functions within the necessary scope can provide 17025 calibration for a given instrument.
Formerly MIL-STD 45662A, American National Standard ANSI / NCSL Z540-1 is a requirements document titled "Calibration Laboratories and Measuring and Test Equipment - General Requirements."
This is a standard that is used primarily by government community. It is very close to the 17025 standard.
A2LA is the American Association for Laboratory Accreditation.
A2LA accreditation is defined as formal recognition of an organization's technical competency to perform specific tests, types of tests, or calibrations.
The general requirements for laboratory accreditation are contained in ISO / IEC 17025. This standard contains quality system requirements and technical requirements that the laboratories must meet. Laboratory accreditation requirements, however, go beyond just ISO / IEC 17025.
Set of quality guidelines and requirements with particular focus on the aerospace sector. AS9000 was published by SAE (Society of Automotive Engineers) in cooperation with major aerospace manufacturers and is based on the more general ISO 9001 standards.
Set of standards based on ISO 9001 with particular application to the automotive industry; standards are defined and maintained by major automotive manufacturers. Standards concern part fabrication and quality in areas such as materials, heat treatment, finishing, and production processes.
In 1987, the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 9000 standards were developed to ensure that companies' products and services have consistent, documented approaches that meet the European community's quality requirements.
ISO 9001 sets out the requirements for an organization whose business processes range all the way from design and development, to production, installation and servicing.
In 1987, the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 9000 standards were developed to ensure that companies' products and services have consistent, documented approaches that meet the European community's quality requirements.
ISO 9002 is for an organization, which does not carry out design and development. It does not include the design control requirements of ISO 9001 - otherwise, its requirements are identical.
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Companies are located in the Northeast United States, namely Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island and Vermont.
Companies are located in the Southern United States, namely Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, Missouri, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, Washington D.C., and West Virginia.
Companies are located in the Midwest United States, namely Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota and Wisconsin.
Companies have facilities in South American countries such as Argentina, Brazil, or Chile; or in Central American countries such as Costa Rica, Honduras, Panama, etc.
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